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General Information

Respiration is the process of transferring oxygen to the blood and carbon dioxide to the environment. This process is mediated by the lungs and the respiratory tracts. Anatomic or physiologic dysfunctions that affect the ability of these organs to perform their functions can lead to respiratory disorders. Lung diseases can arise from airway obstruction, cardiac failure, or defects in lung tissue. Hypoventilation from a low atmospheric oxygen density can also cause respiratory distress. Problems concerning the transfer of oxygen to tissues are listed as cardiovascular disorders.